xcl քերծեմ (v)
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Weight: 1.0
en strip off Source: English Wiktionary
es chollar (v)
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Weight: 1.0
en strip off Source: English Wiktionary
ka ყვლეფს (v)
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Weight: 1.0
en strip off Source: English Wiktionary
non birkja (v)
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Weight: 1.0
en strip off Source: English Wiktionary
ru драть (v)
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Weight: 1.0
en strip off Source: English Wiktionary
de abstreifen (v)
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Weight: 1.0
en strip off Source: English Wiktionary
en strip off (v)
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Weight: 1.0
fr se déshabiller Source: French Wiktionary
en doffer (n)
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Weight: 1.0
en strip off Source: English Wiktionary
sco tirr (v)
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Weight: 1.0
en strip off Source: English Wiktionary
sa अपोहति (v)
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Weight: 1.0
en strip off Source: English Wiktionary
cs stáhnout (v)
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Weight: 1.0
en strip off Source: English Wiktionary
fr dénuder (v)
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Weight: 1.0
en strip off Source: English Wiktionary
ang beflean (v)
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Weight: 1.0
en strip off Source: English Wiktionary
vi lột (v)
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Weight: 1.0
en strip off Source: English Wiktionary
es despelotar (v)
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Weight: 1.0
en strip off Source: English Wiktionary
ga nocht (v)
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Weight: 1.0
en strip off Source: English Wiktionary
ru содрать (v)
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Weight: 1.0
en strip off Source: English Wiktionary
en slip into something more comfortable (v)
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Weight: 1.0
en strip off Source: English Wiktionary
la destricturus
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Weight: 1.0
en strip off Source: English Wiktionary
la destringo (v)
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Weight: 1.0
en strip off Source: English Wiktionary
en strip off (v)
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Weight: 1.0
en strip Source: English Wiktionary
ru сдирать (v)
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Weight: 1.0
en strip off Source: English Wiktionary
en strip off (v)
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Weight: 1.0
fr enlever Source: French Wiktionary
tr sıyırmak (v)
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Weight: 1.0
en strip off Source: English Wiktionary